Fuel Specifications
Types of Fuel
AVSpare diesel engines have the ability to burn a wide variety of fuels. These fuels are divided into two general groups, PREFERRED and PERMISSIBLE.
The PREFERRED fuels provide maximum engine service life and performance. They are distillate fuels. They are commonly called fuel oil, furnace oil, diesel fuel, gas oil, or kerosene.
The PERMISSIBLE fuels are crude oils or blended fuels. Use of these fuels can result in higher maintenance costs and reduced engine service life.
See AVSpare Form Number SEHS7067 for a detailed summary of PREFERRED and PERMISSIBLE fuels and their specifications.
Cetane Requirement
The minimum fuel cetane number recommended for the engine is 40.
Fuel Cloud Point
Fuel waxing can plug the fuel filters in cold weather. The fuel cloud point must be below the temperature of the surrounding air to prevent filter waxing and power loss.
A fuel heater is available from your AVSpare dealer. This can help keep heavier fuels above the cloud point temperature.
Fuel Sulphur Content
The percentage of sulfur in the fuel will affect the engine oil recommendations. If the fuel has over 0.5% sulfur content, the CD oil must have a TBN of 20 times the percentage of fuel sulfur. Your oil supplier should be able to furnish the correct oils.
Coolant Specifications
Engine Coolant (EC)
Always add cooling system conditioner to water. Never use plain water.
Use a mixture of fill water, antifreeze and cooling system conditioner.
AVSpare Form Number SEBD0518 entitled, "Know Your Cooling System" can provide more detailed specifications.
Fill Water
Use water that is low in scale forming minerals, not softened water.
Acceptable water for use in the ethylene glycol-type antifreeze and water mixture is shown in the chart below:
Antifreeze
Use ethylene glycol-type antifreeze. Use the correct amount to provide freeze protection to the lowest expected outside temperature.
Conditioner
| NOTICE |
|---|
Do not use AVSpare Cooling System Conditioner with Dowtherm 209 Full-Fill. Follow the directions provided with the Dowtherm 209 Full-Fill. |
Use AVSpare Cooling System Conditioner or equivalent. Add enough conditioner to provide a 3% to 6% concentration in the coolant. Follow the instructions in this guide.
Use AVSpare Liquid Cooling System Conditioner Part Numbers 6V3542 (.2 liter - 1/2 pint), 3P2044 (.9 liter - 1 quart), or 5P2907 (208 liter - 55 gal. drum).
Lubricant Specifications
The abbreviations listed below, except LO, follow S.A.E. J754 nomenclature. The classifications follow S.A.E. J183 classifications. The MIL specifications are U.S.A. Military Specifications. These definitions will be of assistance in purchasing. The specific classifications for this machine are found on the "Recommended Lubricants" chart.
Engine Oils (CD)
Use oils that meet Engine Service Classification CD (MIL-L-2104C).
Consult the "EMA Lubricating Oil Data Book", AVSpare Form Number GEG05044, for a listing of engine oil brands that meet this classification.
Lubricating Oils (LO)
Engine Service Classification CC (MIL-L-2104B or MIL-L-46152) or CD.
Hydraulic Oils (HYDO)
Use LO or industrial-type hydraulic oils that are certified by the supplier as having antiwear, antifoam, antirust and antioxidation additive properties for heavy duty use.
Lubricating Grease (MPG)
Multipurpose-type Grease (MPG). Multipurpose-type grease which contains 3% to 5% molybdenum disulfide is preferred. NLGI No. 2 Grade is suitable for most temperatures. Use NLGI No. 1 or No. 0 Grade for extremely low temperatures.
Refill Capacities
These capacities are approximate and should not be used for exacting purposes such as billing. Always check the compartment level as described in this guide.
Lubricant Viscosities
