Relays
There are four relays in the system that are activated directly by the Machine ECM. The relays are the ride control relay (if equipped), the "implement enable" relay (if equipped), the backup alarm relay, and the "torque limiter" relay.
Ride Control and Implement Enable Relay (if equipped)
Ride Control (if equipped)
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| Illustration 1 | g01230721 |
The Machine ECM activates the ride control when the "ride control/load check" switch is placed in the ON position. The activation is based on the machine ground speed in the AUTO position. The ride control system diminishes the effects of a loaded bucket when the machine moves at higher speeds.
Implement Enable (if equipped)
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| Illustration 2 | g01230721 |
The Machine ECM activates the implement function when the "implement enable" switch is placed in the ON position. If the hydraulic power for the machine is disrupted, the implements may still be lowered. In order to lower the implements, place the lift control lever in the LOWER position and depress the "ride control/load check" switch.
Parking Brake Alarm Relay
The parking brake alarm relay is used to alert the operator that the shift lever is placed in gear and the parking brake is still engaged. The Machine ECM activates the relay when the parking brake is engaged and the shift lever is in gear. The machine can drive through the parking brake when this occurs.
A single switch-to-ground signal will be provided to the Machine ECM to monitor the parking brake. The input signal will be grounded when the parking brake lever is in the position that is associated with engaging the parking brake. This switch has a single input. There will not be any diagnostics performed on this input.
Note: The operator may drive through the parking brake by placing the direction switch in the forward position or the reverse position, then in the neutral position, and then back to the same direction of travel as the first request within 3 seconds (on the 420E and 430E model machines. On this second attempt to move the machine with the parking brake engaged, the ECM will shift the transmission into the requested gear and into the direction selected. When the machine goes into gear, the action alarm will sound until the "directional" switch is returned to neutral, or the parking brake is released. A level 2 event will be active when the transmission is not in neutral while the parking brake is engaged and speed is greater than the minimum threshold that is able to be read by the Machine ECM. The action lamp and the action alarm should actuate right away but the event should not be logged until movement of the machine is detected.
Backup Alarm Relay
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| Illustration 3 | g01230721 |
The Backup alarm is active whenever the "shift lever/shuttle" handle is in REVERSE. The Back up alarm is standard in machines for the "NACD" market and optional in machines for the "EAME" market.
Quick Coupler Relay
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| Illustration 4 | g01230722 |
The Machine ECM activates the quick coupler function when the "quick coupler pins" switch is placed in the ON position. If the hydraulic power for the machine is disrupted, the implements may still be lowered. In order to lower the implements, place the lift control lever in the LOWER position and depress the "ride control/load check" switch.
Torque Limiter Relay
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| Illustration 5 | g01230724 |
The Machine ECM activates a limiting function for the torque, when the "implement enable" switch is placed in the ON position. If the hydraulic power for the machine is disrupted, the implements may still be lowered. In order to lower the implements, place the lift control lever in the LOWER position and depress the "ride control/load check" switch.
Solenoids
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| Illustration 6 | g01230727 |
The solenoid valves are an output of the Machine ECM. The solenoid is the proportional type. The ECM uses a pulse width modulated signal (PWM) to vary the current to the solenoid. The distance that is travelled by the solenoid valve is proportional to the electrical current. The position of the valve opens or the position of the valve blocks the flow of oil to the hydraulic cylinder.
Solenoids control the oil flow to the clutches in the transmission. When a direction and a gear are selected by the operator, the control module activates the appropriate solenoids. Two solenoids are activated in order to move the machine. One solenoid is activated for the direction and one solenoid is activated for the gear. When a solenoid is activated, a solenoid receives voltage from the control module. When the transmission is in neutral, no solenoids are activated.
The solenoids have a connector with two contacts. One contact receives power from the corresponding connector contact (signal) of the control module. The other contact returns to the control module. All of the solenoids have a return lead. The return leads join together with the other return leads.
"Transmission Forward Clutch 1"
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| Illustration 7 | g01237053 |
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-50. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-48.
"Transmission Reverse Clutch 2"
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| Illustration 8 | g01237053 |
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-50. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-49.
Loader Auxiliary Valve 1
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-50. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-51.
Loader Auxiliary Valve 2
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-50. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-52.
Hoe Auxiliary Valve 1 Solenoid 1
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| Illustration 9 | g01954551 |
The purpose of this feature is to provide the operator a means to control the hydraulic oil flow to the optional seventh valve section on the backhoe valve stack. The operator, actuating the proportional device located on the handle of the right backhoe control joystick, activates the tool control. When the proportional device is actuated up or is actuated down: the ECM reads this input, scales it according to a preset current map and outputs a current to the appropriate solenoid that is proportional to the input. Certain requirements are necessary upon the powering up of a machine in order to reduce the risk of unexpected movement of the machine and the tools on the machine. The inputs to the system that directly control movement of the tools shall power up in the NEUTRAL state. Because the operator has direct access to the inputs of the system, the ECM will require all associated inputs be read in the NEUTRAL state upon powering up of the machine. For the proportional input, the neutral state will be 50% +/- 5% duty cycle from the handle. This 10% tolerance allows for variations from handle to handle. The outputs of the system shall power up in the OFF state. For the proportional solenoid, the off state is present when no electrical current is flowing through the solenoid coils.
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-60. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-58.
Hoe Auxiliary Valve 1 Solenoid 2
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| Illustration 10 | g01954551 |
The purpose of this feature is to provide the operator a means to control the hydraulic oil flow to the optional seventh valve section on the backhoe valve stack. The operator actuating the proportional device, located on the handle of the right backhoe control joystick, activates the tool control. When the proportional device is actuated up or is actuated down, the ECM reads this input, scales it according to a preset current map and outputs a current to the appropriate solenoid that is proportional to the input. Certain requirements are necessary upon powering up of a machine to reduce the risk of unexpected movement of the machine and the tools of the machine. The inputs to the system that directly control movement of the tools shall power up in the NEUTRAL state. Because the operator has direct access to the inputs of the system, the ECM will require all associated inputs be read in the NEUTRAL state upon powering up the machine. For the proportional input, the neutral state will be 50% +/- 5% duty cycle from the handle. This 10% tolerance allows for variations from handle to handle. The outputs of the system shall power up in the OFF state. For the proportional solenoid, the off state is present when no electrical current is flowing through the solenoid coils.
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-60. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-59.
Hoe Auxiliary Valve 2 Solenoid 1
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| Illustration 11 | g01954551 |
The purpose of this feature is to provide the operator a means to control the hydraulic oil flow to a tool attached to the eighth valve section of the backhoe valve stack. Examples of commonly used tools are hammers, compactors, etc. Assuming no other features are currently active, the tool control is activated by the operator actuating the proportional device located on the handle of the left hand backhoe control joystick. When the proportional device is actuated up or actuated downthe ECM reads this input, scales it according to a preset current map and outputs a current to the appropriate solenoid that is proportional to the input. Certain requirements are necessary upon powering up of a machine to reduce the risk of unexpected movement of the machine and the tools of the machine. The inputs to the system that directly control movement of the tools shall power up in the NEUTRAL state. Because the operator has direct access to the inputs of the system, the ECM will require all associated inputs be read in the NEUTRAL state upon powering up of the machine. For the proportional input, the neutral state will be 50% +/- 5% duty cycle from the handle. This 10% tolerance allows for variations from handle to handle. The outputs of the system shall power up in the OFF state. For the proportional solenoid, the off state is present when no electrical current is flowing through the solenoid coils.
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-60. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-61.
Hoe Auxiliary Valve 2 Solenoid 2
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| Illustration 12 | g01954551 |
The purpose of this feature is to provide the operator a means to control the hydraulic oil flow to a tool attached to the eighth valve section of the backhoe valve stack. Examples of commonly used tools are hammers, compactors, etc. Assuming no other features are currently active, the tool control is activated by the operator actuating the proportional device located on the handle of the left hand backhoe control joystick. When the proportional device is actuated up or is actuated down, the ECM reads this input, scales it according to a preset current map and outputs a current to the appropriate solenoid that is proportional to the input. Certain requirements are necessary upon powering up of a machine to reduce the risk of unexpected movement of the machine and the tools of the machine. The inputs to the system that directly control movement of the tools shall power up in the NEUTRAL state. Because the operator has direct access to the inputs of the system, the ECM will require all associated inputs be read in the NEUTRAL state upon powering up of the machine. For the proportional input, the neutral state will be 50% +/- 5% duty cycle from the handle. This 10% tolerance allows for variations from handle to handle. The outputs of the system shall powerup in the OFF state. For the proportional solenoid, the off state is where no electrical current is flowing through the solenoid coils.
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J1-60. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J1-62.
Speed Clutch 1
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| Illustration 13 | g01509159 |
Speed Clutch | |
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J2-4. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J2-5.
Speed Clutch 2
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J2-4. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J2-6.
Speed Clutch 3
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J2-4. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J2-7.
Forward High
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| Illustration 14 | g01509158 |
The solenoid has a connector with two contacts. The sensor ground is connected to the ECM through contact J2-4. The signal contact is connected to the ECM through contact J2-2.
Gauge Cluster
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| Illustration 15 | g01525727 |
LED panel indicators for the 420E Backhoe and the 430E Backhoe | |
The indicators for the following functions of the 420E and 430E machines are shown on the LED panel of the gauge cluster:
| Lamp | Function | Pin |
| L1 | Action Lamp | 5 |
| L2 | Oil Pressure | 3 |
| L3 | Brake Fluid Level Pressure | 10 |
| L4 | Air Filter | 6 |
| L5 | Charging Indicator | 7 |
| L6 | Water in Fuel | 4 |
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| Illustration 16 | g01525727 |
LED panel indicators for the 414E and the 416E Backhoe | |
The indicators for the following functions of the 414E and the 416E machine is shown on the LED panel of the gauge cluster:
| Lamp | Function | Pin |
| L1 | Coolant High Temperature | 5 |
| L2 | Oil Pressure | 3 |
| L3 | Brake Fluid Level/Press | 10 |
| L4 | Air Filter | 6 |
| L5 | Charging Indicator | 7 |
| L6 | Water in Fuel | 4 |
Other Outputs
The Machine ECM also sends information to the engine ECM via the CAN data link. The Machine ECM also controls some of the LED indicators that are found on the indicator panel. The Machine ECM controls the LED indicators via the service connector of the Cat Data Link.